rustprooflabs · rustprooflabs · Jan 4, 2026 · Jan 2, 2026 · Jan 3, 2026 · Jan 4, 2026
diff --git a/Dockerfile b/Dockerfile
@@ -58,10 +58,9 @@ RUN git clone --depth 1 --branch $OSM2PGSQL_BRANCH $OSM2PGSQL_REPO \
 RUN wget https://github.com/rustprooflabs/pgdd/releases/download/0.6.1/pgdd_0.6.1_postgis_pg18_amd64.deb \
     && dpkg -i ./pgdd_0.6.1_postgis_pg18_amd64.deb \
     && rm ./pgdd_0.6.1_postgis_pg18_amd64.deb \
-    && wget https://github.com/rustprooflabs/convert/releases/download/0.0.5/convert_0.0.5_postgis_pg18_amd64.deb \
-    && dpkg -i ./convert_0.0.5_postgis_pg18_amd64.deb \
-    && rm ./convert_0.0.5_postgis_pg18_amd64.deb
-
+    && wget https://github.com/rustprooflabs/convert/releases/download/0.1.0/convert_0.1.0_postgis_pg18_amd64.deb \
+    && dpkg -i ./convert_0.1.0_postgis_pg18_amd64.deb \
+    && rm ./convert_0.1.0_postgis_pg18_amd64.deb
 
 
 WORKDIR /app

diff --git a/db/data/roads-us.sql b/db/data/roads-us.sql
@@ -1,31 +1,36 @@
 -- Road lookup details for generic default-
 -- Region:  United States
-INSERT INTO pgosm.road (region, osm_type, route_motor, route_foot, route_cycle, maxspeed)
-    VALUES ('United States', 'motorway', True, False, False, 104.60736),
-        ('United States', 'motorway_link', True, False, False, 104.60736),
-        ('United States', 'trunk', True, False, True, 96.56064),
-        ('United States', 'trunk_link', True, False, True, 96.56064),
-        ('United States', 'primary', True, False, True, 96.56064),
-        ('United States', 'primary_link', True, False, True, 96.56064),
-        ('United States', 'secondary', True, False, True, 72.42048),
-        ('United States', 'secondary_link', True, False, True, 72.42048),
-        ('United States', 'tertiary', True, False, True, 72.42048),
-        ('United States', 'tertiary_link', True, False, True, 72.42048),
-        ('United States', 'residential', True, True, True, 40.2336),
-        ('United States', 'service', True, True, True, 40.2336),
-        ('United States', 'unclassified', True, True, True, 30),
-        ('United States', 'proposed', False, False, False, -1),
-        ('United States', 'planned', False, False, False, -1),
-        ('United States', 'path', False, True, True, 4),
-        ('United States', 'footway', False, True, False, 4),
-        ('United States', 'track', False, True, True, 2),
-        ('United States', 'pedestrian', False, True, False, 4),
-        ('United States', 'cycleway', False, True, True, 32),
-        ('United States', 'crossing', False, True, True, 2),
-        ('United States', 'platform', False, True, False, 2),
-        ('United States', 'social_path', False, True, False, 3),
-        ('United States', 'steps', False, True, False, 2),
-        ('United States', 'trailhead', False, True, True, 3)
+INSERT INTO pgosm.road (
+            region, osm_type, route_motor, route_foot, route_cycle, maxspeed
+            , traffic_penalty_normal
+        )
+    VALUES ('United States', 'motorway', True, False, False, 104.60736, 0.75),
+        ('United States', 'motorway_link', True, False, False, 104.60736, 0.72),
+        ('United States', 'trunk', True, False, True, 96.56064, 0.75),
+        ('United States', 'trunk_link', True, False, True, 96.56064, 0.72),
+        ('United States', 'primary', True, False, True, 96.56064, 0.6),
+        ('United States', 'primary_link', True, False, True, 96.56064, 0.6),
+        ('United States', 'secondary', True, False, True, 72.42048, 0.6),
+        ('United States', 'secondary_link', True, False, True, 72.42048, 0.6),
+        ('United States', 'tertiary', True, False, True, 72.42048, 0.6),
+        ('United States', 'tertiary_link', True, False, True, 72.42048, 0.6),
+        ('United States', 'residential', True, True, True, 40.2336, 0.95),
+        ('United States', 'service', True, True, True, 40.2336, 0.95),
+        ('United States', 'unclassified', True, True, True, 30, 0.95),
+        ('United States', 'proposed', False, False, False, -1, 1.0),
+        ('United States', 'planned', False, False, False, -1, 1.0),
+        ('United States', 'path', False, True, True, 4, 1.0),
+        ('United States', 'footway', False, True, False, 4, 1.0),
+        ('United States', 'track', False, True, True, 2, 1.0),
+        ('United States', 'pedestrian', False, True, False, 4, 1.0),
+        ('United States', 'cycleway', False, True, True, 32, 0.95),
+        ('United States', 'crossing', False, True, True, 2, 0.3),
+        ('United States', 'platform', False, True, False, 2, 0.3),
+        ('United States', 'social_path', False, True, False, 3, 0.7),
+        ('United States', 'steps', False, True, False, 2, 0.9),
+        ('United States', 'trailhead', False, True, True, 3, 0.9)
     -- Doing nothing allows users to safely customize this table
-    ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING
+    ON CONFLICT (region, osm_type) DO UPDATE
+    SET maxspeed = EXCLUDED.maxspeed
+        , traffic_penalty_normal = EXCLUDED.traffic_penalty_normal
 ;
diff --git a/db/deploy/pgosm_road.sql b/db/deploy/pgosm_road.sql
@@ -19,14 +19,18 @@ CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS pgosm.road
     CONSTRAINT uq_pgosm_routable_code UNIQUE (region, osm_type)
 );
 
+ALTER TABLE pgosm.road
+    ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS traffic_penalty_normal NUMERIC(3,2) NOT NULL DEFAULT 1.0
+;
+
 
 COMMENT ON TABLE pgosm.road IS 'Provides lookup information for road layers, generally related to routing use cases.';
 COMMENT ON COLUMN pgosm.road.region IS 'Allows defining different definitions based on region.  Can be custom defined.';
 COMMENT ON COLUMN pgosm.road.osm_type IS 'Value from highway tags.';
 COMMENT ON COLUMN pgosm.road.route_motor IS 'Used to filter for classifications that typically allow motorized traffic.';
 COMMENT ON COLUMN pgosm.road.route_foot IS 'Used to filter for classifications that typically allow foot traffic.';
 COMMENT ON COLUMN pgosm.road.route_cycle IS 'Used to filter for classifications that typically allow bicycle traffic.';
-COMMENT ON COLUMN pgosm.road.maxspeed IS 'Maxspeed in km/hr';
-COMMENT ON COLUMN pgosm.road.maxspeed_mph IS 'Maxspeed in mph';
+COMMENT ON COLUMN pgosm.road.maxspeed IS 'Max speed in km/hr';
+COMMENT ON COLUMN pgosm.road.maxspeed_mph IS 'Max speed in mph. Calculated from max speed in km/hr.';
 
 COMMIT;
diff --git a/db/deploy/routing_functions.sql b/db/deploy/routing_functions.sql
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE {schema_name}.pgrouting_version_check()
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE {schema_name}.extension_version_check()
 LANGUAGE plpgsql
 AS $$
     DECLARE pgr_ver TEXT;
+    DECLARE convert_version TEXT;
 BEGIN
         -- Ensure pgRouting extension exists with at least pgRouting 4.0
         IF NOT EXISTS (
@@ -21,10 +22,28 @@ BEGIN
                 pgr_ver;
         END IF;
 
+        -- Ensure convert extension exists with at least convert 0.1.0
+        IF NOT EXISTS (
+            SELECT 1 FROM pg_extension WHERE extname = 'convert'
+        ) THEN
+            RAISE EXCEPTION
+                'The convert extension is not installed. Version >= 0.1.0 required.';
+        END IF;
+
+        SELECT extversion INTO convert_version FROM pg_extension WHERE extname = 'convert'
+        ;
+
+        -- Enforce minimum version
+        IF string_to_array(convert_version, '.')::INT[] < ARRAY[0,1,0] THEN
+            RAISE EXCEPTION
+                'Convert version % detected. Version >= 0.1.0 required.',
+                convert_version;
+        END IF;
+
 END $$;
 
 
-COMMENT ON PROCEDURE {schema_name}.pgrouting_version_check IS 'Ensures appropriate pgRouting extension is installed with an appropriate version.';
+COMMENT ON PROCEDURE {schema_name}.extension_version_check IS 'Ensures pgRouting and convert extensions are installed with appropriate versions.';
 
 
 
@@ -229,7 +248,7 @@ LANGUAGE plpgsql
 AS $$
 BEGIN
 
-    CALL {schema_name}.pgrouting_version_check();
+    CALL {schema_name}.extension_version_check();
 
     --Create edges table for input to routing_prepare_edge_network procedure
     DROP TABLE IF EXISTS route_edge_input;
@@ -263,68 +282,75 @@ BEGIN
         , tunnel TEXT
         , bridge TEXT
         , access TEXT
-        , geom GEOMETRY(LINESTRING)
+        , cost_length DOUBLE PRECISION
+        , cost_length_forward DOUBLE PRECISION NULL
+        , cost_length_reverse DOUBLE PRECISION NULL
+        , cost_motor_forward_s DOUBLE PRECISION NULL
+        , cost_motor_reverse_s DOUBLE PRECISION NULL
+        , geom GEOMETRY(LINESTRING) NOT NULL
         --, UNIQUE (osm_id, sub_id) -- Currently not enforceable... dups exist...
     );
 
     INSERT INTO {schema_name}.routing_road_edge (
         osm_id, sub_id, osm_type, name, ref, maxspeed, oneway, layer, tunnel, bridge, major
         , route_foot, route_cycle, route_motor, access
-        , geom
+        , cost_length
+        , geom -- Through geom is in initial query
+        -- Forward/reverse added next
+        , cost_length_forward, cost_length_reverse
+        -- Travel times added last.
+        , cost_motor_forward_s, cost_motor_reverse_s
     )
+    WITH add_cost AS (
     SELECT re.osm_id, re.sub_id
             , r.osm_type, r.name, r.ref, r.maxspeed
             , r.oneway, re.layer, r.tunnel, r.bridge, r.major
             , r.route_foot, r.route_cycle, r.route_motor, r.access
+            , ST_Length(ST_Transform(re.geom, 4326)::GEOGRAPHY) AS cost_length
             , re.geom
         FROM route_edges_output re
         INNER JOIN {schema_name}.road_line r ON re.osm_id = r.osm_id
-        ORDER BY re.geom
+    ), add_forward_reverse AS (
+    SELECT a.*
+            ,  CASE WHEN a.oneway IN (0, 1) OR a.oneway IS NULL
+                        THEN a.cost_length
+                    WHEN a.oneway = -1
+                        THEN -1 * a.cost_length
+                    END AS cost_length_forward
+            , CASE WHEN a.oneway IN (0, -1) OR a.oneway IS NULL
+                        THEN a.cost_length
+                    WHEN a.oneway = 1
+                        THEN -1 * a.cost_length
+                    END AS cost_length_reverse
+        FROM add_cost a
+    )
+    SELECT a.*
+            , convert.ttt_meters_km_hr_to_seconds(
+                a.cost_length_forward, COALESCE(a.maxspeed, r.maxspeed) * r.traffic_penalty_normal
+            ) AS cost_motor_forward_s
+            , convert.ttt_meters_km_hr_to_seconds(
+                a.cost_length_reverse, COALESCE(a.maxspeed, r.maxspeed) * r.traffic_penalty_normal
+            ) AS cost_motor_reverse_s
+        FROM add_forward_reverse a
+        INNER JOIN pgosm.road r ON a.osm_type = r.osm_type
+        ORDER BY a.geom
     ;
 
-    CREATE INDEX gix_{schema_name}_routing_road_edge
+    CREATE INDEX gix_{schema_name}_routing_road_edge_geom
         ON {schema_name}.routing_road_edge
         USING GIST (geom)
     ;
-
-    RAISE NOTICE 'Created table {schema_name}.routing_road_edge';
-
-
-    ALTER TABLE {schema_name}.routing_road_edge
-        ADD cost_length DOUBLE PRECISION NULL;
-
-    UPDATE {schema_name}.routing_road_edge
-        SET cost_length = ST_Length(ST_Transform(geom, 4326)::GEOGRAPHY)
+    CREATE INDEX ix_{schema_name}_routing_road_edge_vertex_id_source
+        ON {schema_name}.routing_road_edge (vertex_id_source)
+    ;
+    CREATE INDEX ix_{schema_name}_routing_road_edge_vertex_id_target
+        ON {schema_name}.routing_road_edge (vertex_id_target)
     ;
-
-    COMMENT ON COLUMN {schema_name}.routing_road_edge.cost_length IS 'Length based cost calculated using GEOGRAPHY for accurate length.';
 
 
-    -- Add forward cost column, enforcing oneway restrictions
-    ALTER TABLE {schema_name}.routing_road_edge
-        ADD cost_length_forward NUMERIC
-        GENERATED ALWAYS AS (
-            CASE WHEN oneway IN (0, 1) OR oneway IS NULL
-                    THEN cost_length
-                WHEN oneway = -1
-                    THEN -1 * cost_length
-                END
-        )
-        STORED
-    ;
+    RAISE NOTICE 'Created table {schema_name}.routing_road_edge';
 
-    -- Add reverse cost column, enforcing oneway restrictions
-    ALTER TABLE {schema_name}.routing_road_edge
-        ADD cost_length_reverse NUMERIC
-        GENERATED ALWAYS AS (
-            CASE WHEN oneway IN (0, -1) OR oneway IS NULL
-                    THEN cost_length
-                WHEN oneway = 1
-                    THEN -1 * cost_length
-                END
-        )
-        STORED
-    ;
+    COMMENT ON COLUMN {schema_name}.routing_road_edge.cost_length IS 'Length based cost calculated using GEOGRAPHY for accurate length.';
 
     COMMENT ON COLUMN {schema_name}.routing_road_edge.cost_length_forward IS 'Length based cost for forward travel with directed routing. Based on cost_length value.';
     COMMENT ON COLUMN {schema_name}.routing_road_edge.cost_length_reverse IS 'Length based cost for reverse travel with directed routing. Based on cost_length value.';
@@ -392,7 +418,7 @@ LANGUAGE plpgsql
 AS $$
 BEGIN
 
-    CALL {schema_name}.pgrouting_version_check();
+    CALL {schema_name}.extension_version_check();
 
     --Create edges table for input to routing_prepare_edge_network procedure
     DROP TABLE IF EXISTS route_edge_input;
@@ -520,3 +546,53 @@ END $$;
 
 
 COMMENT ON PROCEDURE {schema_name}.routing_prepare_water_network IS 'Creates the {schema_name}.routing_water_edge and {schema_name}.routing_water_vertex from the {schema_name}.water_line input data';
+
+
+
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION {schema_name}.route_motor_travel_time(
+   route_vertex_id_start BIGINT, route_vertex_id_end BIGINT
+)
+RETURNS TABLE (segments BIGINT, vertex_ids BIGINT[], edge_ids BIGINT[]
+        , total_cost_seconds DOUBLE PRECISION, geom GEOMETRY
+)
+LANGUAGE plpgsql
+ROWS 5
+AS $function$
+
+BEGIN
+
+    RETURN QUERY
+    WITH route_steps AS (
+    SELECT d.node AS vertex_id
+            , d.edge AS edge_id
+            , d.cost
+            , n.geom AS node_geom, e.geom AS edge_geom
+        FROM pgr_dijkstra(
+            'SELECT e.edge_id AS id
+                    , e.vertex_id_source AS source
+                    , e.vertex_id_target AS target
+                    , e.cost_motor_forward_s AS cost
+                    , e.cost_motor_reverse_s AS reverse_cost
+                    , e.geom
+                FROM {schema_name}.routing_road_edge e
+                WHERE e.route_motor
+                ',
+                route_vertex_id_start, route_vertex_id_end, directed := True
+            ) d
+        INNER JOIN {schema_name}.routing_road_vertex n ON d.node = n.id
+        LEFT JOIN {schema_name}.routing_road_edge e ON d.edge = e.edge_id
+    )
+    SELECT COUNT(*) AS segments
+            , ARRAY_AGG(vertex_id) AS vertex_ids
+            , ARRAY_AGG(edge_id) AS edge_ids
+            , SUM(cost) AS total_cost_seconds
+            , ST_Collect(edge_geom) AS geom
+        FROM route_steps
+;
+END
+$function$
+;
+
+COMMENT ON FUNCTION {schema_name}.route_motor_travel_time IS 'Computes best route using ideal travel time costs. Does not account for traffic.';
+
diff --git a/docs/src/SUMMARY.md b/docs/src/SUMMARY.md
@@ -16,8 +16,11 @@
     - [Data Files](./data-files.md)
 - [Query examples](./query.md)
 - [Routing](./routing.md)
-    - [pgRouting 3](./routing-3.md)
-    - [pgRouting 4](./routing-4.md)
+    - [Routing Roads](./routing-road.md)
+    - [Routing Water](./routing-water.md)
+    - [Routing Process](./routing-process.md)
+    - [Routing Roads: Legacy (pgRouting 3)](./routing-3.md)
+
 - [Processing Time](./performance.md)
 
 # Production Use

diff --git a/docs/src/readme.md b/docs/src/readme.md
@@ -40,20 +40,16 @@ passed along to osm2pgsql, with post-processing steps creating indexes,
 constraints and comments.
 
 
-## Versions Supported
+## Minimum Versions Supported
 
-Minimum versions supported:
-
-* Postgres 12
-* PostGIS 3.0
-
-This project will attempt, but not guarantee, to support PostgreSQL 12 until it
-reaches it EOL support.
+This project will attempt, but not guarantee, to support each major PostgreSQL version
+until it reaches it EOL support.
 
 The Docker image is pinned to osm2pgsql's `master` branch. Users of the Docker image
 naturally use the latest version of osm2pgsql at the time the Docker image was created.
 
-This project runs entirely in Docker, optionally connecting to an external Postgres instance.
+This project runs entirely in Docker, optionally connecting to an external
+Postgres instance at runtime.
 It should work on any typical OS able to run Docker.
 
 

diff --git a/docs/src/routing-3.md b/docs/src/routing-3.md
@@ -1,16 +1,22 @@
-# Routing with pgRouting 3
+# Routing Roads: Legacy (pgRouting 3)
 
-If you are using a pgRouting 4.0 or later see [Routing with pgRouting 4](./routing-4.md).
+## Plan your Upgrade!
 
-New development in PgOSM Flex will focus support on pgRouting 4.0 support
-per the Versions Supported section  [in the About page](./readme.md).
-[PgOSM Flex 1.1.2](https://github.com/rustprooflabs/pgosm-flex/releases/tag/1.1.2)
-simplified and improved performance in the routing data preparation.
+This page is a legacy documentation page for versions of pgRouting
+older than 4.0. This process requires more manual effort to setup and
+results in lower-quality routing networks compared to the
+[latest procedures](./routing-road.md).
 
+It is recommended to use pgRouting 4.0 or later, see [the latest Routing Roads](./routing-road.md)
+documentation.
 
-> ⚠️ This page will remain in the PgOSM documentation through at least 2026 to ensure
+> ⚠️ This page is no longer maintained.
+>
+> This page will remain in the PgOSM documentation for the foreseeable future to ensure
 > continuity for a transition to pgRouting 4.0.
-> There will not be improvements made to these legacy instructions.
+
+
+## Getting Started
 
 Create the `pgRouting` extension.