feat(common): add data store types for parquet/metadata ops

[LNSD]

Encapsulate object store and metadata database operations into Store and CachedStore types. This centralizes data layer logic and makes dependencies explicit throughout the codebase.

• Add Store type wrapping object store + metadata DB
• Add CachedStore for read-optimized access patterns
• Refactor PhysicalTable and catalog readers to use Store
• Update all consumers (dump, server, worker) to pass Store explicitly

---

Note

Encapsulates object store + metadata DB into Store/CachedStore and refactors catalog, dump, query, and services to use it, consolidating metadata ops and parquet caching.

• Core/Common:
  • Store API: Add store::Store (wraps metadata DB + object store) and store::CachedStore (adds parquet metadata caching) with helpers for table revision/file ops and object I/O; centralize related error types.
  • Catalog/Physical: Refactor PhysicalTable to hold Store; move table registration/activation, file listing/registration, and deletion through Store. Replace get_active_physical_table with Store::get_active_table_revision; update register_new_table_revision, restore_latest_revision, snapshots, and listing APIs.
  • Reader: Simplify parquet reader factory to fetch metadata via CachedStore and create readers via Store (remove direct foyer usage here).
  • Metadata helpers: Update parquet metadata extraction functions to take Store.
  • Query: QueryEnv now passes parquet_cache_size_mb; QueryContext::for_catalog builds a CachedStore and threads it through planning/registration.
• Dump pipeline:
  • Update compactor, collector, raw/derived writers, and streaming query to use Store/CachedStore for listing, writing, deleting, and metadata registration.
  • ParquetFileWriter now receives Store, BufWriter, and FileName; footer extraction via Store.
  • consistency_check requires Store; object-store ops routed through it.
• Services/CLIs:
  • Binaries (controller_cmd, server_cmd, solo_cmd, worker_cmd) construct Store with metadata_db; services pass Store instead of raw object store/DB.
• Metadata DB:
  • Rename API: physical_table::get_active_physical_table -> get_active.
• Tests:
  • Adjust helpers and fixtures to construct/pass Store/CachedStore; update restore and consistency checks; replace direct object-store calls with Store methods.

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