Issue559 prototype

[SimonDold]

This prototype is meant to decide how we want to tackle the component interaction problem (issue559).

Major changes to the old design:

1. Replace the "options" constructor with actual parameters (Unpacking of options objects happens in the create_component function from the features to call those constructors).

2. Features are of the type TaskIndependentXYZ instead of XYZ. These classes are factories and have a get_task_specific function that recursively generates the task dependent object of type XYZ, unless this object was generated already. If it was it returns the already generated component instead of generating an equal one again.

3. There are new base classes "Component" and "TaskIndependentComponent".