发版0.12.0

[Certseeds]

部分描述见 #36 , 升级默认编译环境到 ubuntu24.04, gcc13, catch2-3.10.0

[Copilot]

Pull Request Overview

This PR implements version 0.12.0 with significant infrastructure changes including upgrading the default compilation environment to Ubuntu 24.04, GCC 13, and Catch2-3.10.0. The primary change is a major refactoring from a static function-based approach to a class-based Solution pattern for LeetCode algorithm implementations.

Key changes:

• Refactored all LeetCode implementations from static functions in structs to Solution classes
• Converted test header files (.hpp) to test implementation files (.cpp)
• Updated include guard naming convention from CS203_DSAA_TEMPLATE to ALGORITHM_TEMPLATE
• Updated copyright headers to SPDX format with 2022-2025 date ranges

Reviewed Changes

Copilot reviewed 277 out of 1177 changed files in this pull request and generated no comments.

File	Description
algorithm/array/leetcode_*_test.cpp	Converted from .hpp to .cpp files with Solution class instantiation
algorithm/array/leetcode_*.cpp	Refactored from static struct functions to Solution class methods
Various deleted .hpp files	Removed old header-based test files in favor of .cpp implementation

Files not reviewed (22)

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