feat: provide match function to allow the opposite of resolve

[hmnd]

fixes #11746

Delightfully simple to add this as a feature!

Couple things I'm not sure of:

• The server-side match includes endpoints. Is it more confusing to include them or is it better to exclude to maintain parity with client?
• generate:types doesn't add match to index.d.ts for some reason. How do I can I get it to work?

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[PatrickG]

IMO this would also need to call the reroute hook.
Also, we should not duplicate this logic, on the client we could use get_navigation_intent. Something like this:

/**
 * @param {string | URL} url
 */
export async function match(url) {
  if (typeof url === 'string') {
    url = new URL(url, location.href);
  }

  const intent = await get_navigation_intent(url);
  if (intent) {
    return {
      id: intent.id,
      params: intent.params
    };
  }
}

On the server this might be a bit more tricky since this logic is scattered over almost 100 lines.