diff --git a/lib/net/imap.rb b/lib/net/imap.rb
index 4ac9d7a8..874b3a04 100644
--- a/lib/net/imap.rb
+++ b/lib/net/imap.rb
@@ -2632,6 +2632,7 @@ def fetch(...)
 
     # :call-seq:
     #   uid_fetch(set, attr, changedsince: nil, partial: nil) -> array of FetchData (or UIDFetchData)
+    #   uid_fetch(set, attr, changedsince:, vanished: true, partial: nil) -> array of VanishedData and FetchData (or UIDFetchData)
     #
     # Sends a {UID FETCH command [IMAP4rev1 §6.4.8]}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3501#section-6.4.8]
     # to retrieve data associated with a message in the mailbox.
@@ -2648,6 +2649,22 @@ def fetch(...)
     #
     # +changedsince+ (optional) behaves the same as with #fetch.
     #
+    # +vanished+ can be used to request a list all of the message UIDs in +set+
+    # that have been expunged since +changedsince+.  Setting +vanished+ to true
+    # prepends a VanishedData object to the returned array.  If the server does
+    # not return a +VANISHED+ response, an empty VanishedData object will still
+    # be added.
+    # <em>The +QRESYNC+ capabability must be enabled.</em>
+    # {[RFC7162]}[https://rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7162]
+    #
+    # For example:
+    #
+    #   imap.enable("QRESYNC") # must enable before selecting the mailbox
+    #   imap.select("INBOX")
+    #   # first value in the array is VanishedData
+    #   vanished, *fetched = imap.uid_fetch(301..500, %w[flags],
+    #                                       changedsince: 12345, vanished: true)
+    #
     # +partial+ is an optional range to limit the number of results returned.
     # It's useful when +set+ contains an unknown number of messages.
     # <tt>1..500</tt> returns the first 500 messages in +set+ (in mailbox
@@ -2680,6 +2697,9 @@ def fetch(...)
     #
     # ==== Capabilities
     #
+    # QRESYNC[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7162] must be enabled in order
+    # to use the +vanished+ fetch modifier.
+    #
     # The server's capabilities must include +PARTIAL+
     # {[RFC9394]}[https://rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9394] in order to use the
     # +partial+ argument.
@@ -2959,9 +2979,8 @@ def uid_thread(algorithm, search_keys, charset)
     #   See {[RFC7162 §3.1]}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7162.html#section-3.1].
     #
     # [+QRESYNC+ {[RFC7162]}[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7162.html]]
-    #   *NOTE:* Enabling QRESYNC will replace +EXPUNGE+ with +VANISHED+, but
-    #   the extension arguments to #select, #examine, and #uid_fetch are not
-    #   supported yet.
+    #   *NOTE:* The +QRESYNC+ argument to #select and #examine is not supported
+    #   yet.
     #
     #   Adds quick resynchronization options to #select, #examine, and
     #   #uid_fetch.  +QRESYNC+ _must_ be explicitly enabled before using any of
@@ -3680,19 +3699,23 @@ def search_internal(cmd, ...)
       end
     end
 
-    def fetch_internal(cmd, set, attr, mod = nil, partial: nil, changedsince: nil)
-      if partial && !cmd.start_with?("UID ")
+    def fetch_internal(cmd, set, attr, mod = nil,
+                       partial: nil,
+                       changedsince: nil,
+                       vanished: false)
+      if cmd.start_with?("UID ")
+        if vanished && !changedsince
+          raise ArgumentError, "vanished must be used with changedsince"
+        end
+      elsif vanished
+        raise ArgumentError, "vanished can only be used with uid_fetch"
+      elsif partial
         raise ArgumentError, "partial can only be used with uid_fetch"
       end
       set = SequenceSet[set]
-      if partial
-        mod ||= []
-        mod << "PARTIAL" << PartialRange[partial]
-      end
-      if changedsince
-        mod ||= []
-        mod << "CHANGEDSINCE" << Integer(changedsince)
-      end
+      (mod ||= []) << "PARTIAL"      << PartialRange[partial] if partial
+      (mod ||= []) << "CHANGEDSINCE" << Integer(changedsince) if changedsince
+      (mod ||= []) << "VANISHED"                              if vanished
       case attr
       when String then
         attr = RawData.new(attr)
@@ -3704,7 +3727,7 @@ def fetch_internal(cmd, set, attr, mod = nil, partial: nil, changedsince: nil)
 
       args = [cmd, set, attr]
       args << mod if mod
-      send_command_returning_fetch_results(*args)
+      send_command_returning_fetch_results(*args, vanished:)
     end
 
     def store_internal(cmd, set, attr, flags, unchangedsince: nil)
@@ -3715,14 +3738,20 @@ def store_internal(cmd, set, attr, flags, unchangedsince: nil)
       send_command_returning_fetch_results(cmd, *args)
     end
 
-    def send_command_returning_fetch_results(...)
+    def send_command_returning_fetch_results(*args, vanished: false)
       synchronize do
         clear_responses("FETCH")
         clear_responses("UIDFETCH")
-        send_command(...)
+        send_command(*args)
         fetches    = clear_responses("FETCH")
         uidfetches = clear_responses("UIDFETCH")
-        uidfetches.any? ? uidfetches : fetches
+        fetches    = uidfetches if uidfetches.any?
+        if vanished
+          vanished = extract_responses("VANISHED", &:earlier?).last ||
+            VanishedData[uids: SequenceSet.empty, earlier: true]
+          fetches = [vanished, *fetches].freeze
+        end
+        fetches
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/test/net/imap/test_imap_fetch.rb b/test/net/imap/test_imap_fetch.rb
index 32e2a639..79a397c1 100644
--- a/test/net/imap/test_imap_fetch.rb
+++ b/test/net/imap/test_imap_fetch.rb
@@ -12,6 +12,12 @@ class IMAPFetchTest < Net::IMAP::TestCase
       assert_raise_with_message(ArgumentError, /\Apartial.*uid_fetch/) do
         imap.fetch(1, "FAST", partial: 1..10)
       end
+      assert_raise_with_message(ArgumentError, /\Avanished.*uid_fetch/) do
+        imap.fetch(1, "FAST", changedsince: 1234, vanished: true)
+      end
+      assert_raise_with_message(ArgumentError, /\Avanished.*changedsince/) do
+        imap.uid_fetch(1, "FAST", vanished: true)
+      end
     end
   end
 
@@ -107,4 +113,59 @@ class IMAPFetchTest < Net::IMAP::TestCase
     end
   end
 
+  test "#uid_fetch with changedsince and vanished" do
+    with_fake_server select: "inbox" do |server, imap|
+      server.on("UID FETCH") do |resp|
+        resp.untagged "VANISHED (EARLIER) 300:310,405,411"
+        resp.untagged "1 FETCH (UID 404 MODSEQ (65402) FLAGS (\\Seen))"
+        resp.untagged "2 FETCH (UID 406 MODSEQ (75403) FLAGS (\\Deleted))"
+        resp.untagged "4 FETCH (UID 408 MODSEQ (29738) " \
+                      "FLAGS ($NoJunk $AutoJunk $MDNSent))"
+        resp.done_ok
+      end
+      # vanished: true changes the output to begin with VanishedData
+      vanished, *fetched = imap.uid_fetch(300..500, %w[FLAGS],
+                                          changedsince: 12345, vanished: true)
+      assert_equal(
+        "RUBY0002 UID FETCH 300:500 (FLAGS) (CHANGEDSINCE 12345 VANISHED)",
+        server.commands.pop.raw.strip
+      )
+      assert_equal Net::IMAP::VanishedData["300:310,405,411", true], vanished
+      expected = [
+        [1, 404, 65402, %i[Seen]],
+        [2, 406, 75403, %i[Deleted]],
+        [4, 408, 29738, %w[$NoJunk $AutoJunk $MDNSent]],
+      ]
+      assert_equal expected.size, fetched.size
+      fetched.zip(expected).each do |fetch, (seqno, uid, modseq, flags)|
+        assert_instance_of Net::IMAP::FetchData, fetch
+        assert_equal seqno,  fetch.seqno
+        assert_equal uid,    fetch.uid
+        assert_equal modseq, fetch.modseq
+        assert_equal flags,  fetch.flags
+      end
+
+      # without VANISHED
+      server.on("UID FETCH") do |resp|
+        resp.untagged "1 FETCH (UID 404 MODSEQ (65402) FLAGS (\\Seen))"
+        resp.untagged "2 FETCH (UID 406 MODSEQ (75403) FLAGS (\\Deleted))"
+        resp.untagged "4 FETCH (UID 408 MODSEQ (29738) " \
+                      "FLAGS ($NoJunk $AutoJunk $MDNSent))"
+        resp.done_ok
+      end
+      vanished, *fetched = imap.uid_fetch(300..500, %w[FLAGS],
+                                          changedsince: 12345, vanished: true)
+      assert_equal(Net::IMAP::VanishedData[Net::IMAP::SequenceSet.empty, true],
+                   vanished)
+      assert_equal expected.size, fetched.size
+      fetched.zip(expected).each do |fetch, (seqno, uid, modseq, flags)|
+        assert_instance_of Net::IMAP::FetchData, fetch
+        assert_equal seqno,  fetch.seqno
+        assert_equal uid,    fetch.uid
+        assert_equal modseq, fetch.modseq
+        assert_equal flags,  fetch.flags
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
 end