The documentation for the mandatory parameter of publisher.send states:
"If set, the message has mandatory routing. By default the message is silently dropped by the server if it can’t be routed to a queue. However - If the message is mandatory, an exception will be raised instead."
At least for the pyamqplib backend, no exception appears to be raised when the message cannot be routed to a queue. This is possibly more of an issue with an underlying driver or a documentation bug.